Įthnic Chinese directors and producers, capitalising on the success of films produced in Shanghai, China, became involved in the colony's cinema beginning in 1928, when Nelson Wong completed Lily van Java. A year later, the second novel to be adapted to film in Indonesia, Setangan Berloemoer Darah, was produced by Tan Boen Soan. Owing to Loetoeng Kasaroeng 's limited release, Kruger was able to advertise his film as the colony's first. Krugers – who had served as a technician and cinematographer for Loetoeng Kasaroeng – released his directorial debut (the second film in the Indies), Eulis Atjih.
This adaptation of the Sundanese legend was made with local actors by the NV Java Film Company in Bandung and premiered on 31 December 1926 at the Elite and Majestic Theatres in Bandung. The first domestically produced film in the Indies was in 1926: Loetoeng Kasaroeng, a silent film by Dutch director L. was announced, but the work was not completed. By 1923, a local feature film production spearheaded by the Middle East Film Co. Domestic production of documentaries had begun in 1911 but were unable to compete with imported works. The first showing of films in the Dutch East Indies was in 1900, and over the next twenty years foreign productions, which were mostly from the United States, were imported and shown throughout the country. Īdvertisement for Loetoeng Kasaroeng, the first fiction film produced in what is now Indonesia
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21 Cineplex, CGV Cinemas and Cinépolis (previously Cinemaxx) currently dominate the movie theatre industry in Indonesia. As of 2019, there are about 2,000 screens in Indonesia, which is expected to reach 3,000 by 2020. The Indonesian film industry released 230 films in 2019. The number of moviegoers in the country were more than 52 million in 2019. Though the film industry is currently the fastest-growing sub-sector of Indonesia's creative economy, after it went through a long, struggling period. After the Reform in the beginning of 2000, the film industry starts to gain its strength with the growing number of young filmmakers, while the industry was still adjusting to the new constitutions, Indonesian cinema started to reconstruct its identity, just like a breath of fresh air local films retake its throne to be as popular as Hollywood and foreign films to dominate the majorities of movie theaters again. Domination of Hollywood and foreign films in movie theaters were other reasons for Indonesian film slowly losing its place and popularity. The industry was struggling to gain public interest to go watch films in the movie theaters, and films produced mostly show very limited choices between teenage dramas or horror and adult genres. Around this era, young stars like Onky Alexander, Meriam Bellina, Lydia Kandou, Nike Ardilla, Paramitha Rusady and Desy Ratnasari dominated the silver screen with films like Catatan si Boy (Boy's Diary) and Blok M. Indonesian cinema reached its first big step to dominate majorities of movie theaters in big cities in the 1980s, and started to compete around international film festivals before its downfall in the 1990s with the economic clash and political movements. The Indonesian Film Agency or BPI defines Indonesian film as “movies that are made with Indonesian resources, and wholly or partly Intellectual Property is owned by Indonesian citizens or legal entities in Indonesia”. The first movie theatre in Jakarta was the Alhamra theatre, which was opened in 1931. During 1926, there were movie theatres named as Oriental and Elita in Bandung. However, the first domestically produced film in the Dutch East Indies was in 1926: Loetoeng Kasaroeng, a silent film, which was an adaptation of the Sundanese legend of the same name. The first domestically produced documentaries in Indonesia were produced in 1911. Many documentaries about the nature and life of Indonesia were sponsored by the Dutch East Indies government and were usually made by the Dutch or at least Western European studios. Most of these films were silent documentaries and feature films from France and the United States.
Until the 1920s, most cinema in Indonesia was produced by foreign studios, mostly from Europe, and the United States, whose films would then be imported to the country. Cinema of Indonesia is film or that is produced domestically, in Indonesia.
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